Thomson also identified that the cathode rays or electrons were not dependent on the equipment of electrodes or the variety or the type of gas present in the cathode ray tube. This hypothesis by Thomson assisted many physicists in becoming aware of an atom’s configuration for their future experiments. The electrons are elements found in all atoms. When the cathode rays fall on it, images are created. The screen of a cathode ray oscilloscope and a computer monitor is covered with fluorescent components.X-rays are produced when the cathode rays moving fast are suddenly restricted.So the components of the discharge tube were negatively charged. By observing the places where fluorescence is caused, it was noted that the deflections were towards the positive side. The substance glows and shines when hit by the discharge ray. The path of the rays can be seen by placing a phosphorescent substance at the end of the tube.The beam gets repelled by the negative pole and is deflected against the positive pole. The dipoles will measure and detect the rays produced.
Therefore, the atom has no real charge and is electrically neutral. The positive charge and the negative charge are comparable in magnitude.An atom approximates a sphere of positive charge and negative charge existing inside the sphere.The atom is the minimal unit of matter that can take part in a chemical reaction.Įnglish physicist JJ Thomson provided one of the first atomic prototypes comprising the newly discovered particles.Atoms of similar elements can converge in more than one ratio to cast two or more compounds.Atoms of dissimilar elements may converge in a definite, simple and whole number ratio to cast compound atoms.Atoms can neither be developed nor destroyed.Atoms of a similar element are the same shape and mass but diverge from the atoms of other elements.All matter comprises indivisible particles called atoms.Postulates of Dalton’s atomic theory are: His discoveries were based on experiments and the laws of chemical combinations. Dalton’s Atomic TheoryĪ British schoolteacher named John Dalton came up with his theory on atoms in 1808. The images may be electrical waveforms (oscilloscope), pictures (TVs, computer monitors), sonar targets, or other forms. The beams from the guns are manipulated to produce images on a glowing screen. The cathode ray tube, also known as the vacuum tube, contains one or more electron guns.